电脑用久了，桌面和下载文件夹总会变得一团糟。用 Python 写几个脚本，一键重命名、按类型归档、清理重复文件。
一、批量重命名
1. 统一命名规则
importosdefbatch_rename(directory,prefix="file",start=1,digits=3):""" 统一命名：prefix_001.ext, prefix_002.ext ... directory: 文件夹路径 prefix: 文件名前缀 start: 起始编号 digits: 编号位数 """files=[fforfinos.listdir(directory)ifos.path.isfile(os.path.join(directory,f))]# 按修改时间排序files.sort(key=lambdax:os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(directory,x)))fori,filenameinenumerate(files):name,ext=os.path.splitext(filename)new_name=f"{prefix}_{str(start+i).zfill(digits)}{ext}"old_path=os.path.join(directory,filename)new_path=os.path.join(directory,new_name)os.rename(old_path,new_path)print(f"{filename}→{new_name}")2. 替换文件名中的关键词
defreplace_text(directory,old_text,new_text):"""批量替换文件名中的关键词"""count=0forfinos.listdir(directory):fp=os.path.join(directory,f)ifos.path.isfile(fp)andold_textinf:new_name=f.replace(old_text,new_text)os.rename(fp,os.path.join(directory,new_name))count+=1print(f"共替换{count}个文件")二、智能文件归档
importshutil EXTENSION_MAP={".jpg":"图片",".jpeg":"图片",".png":"图片",".gif":"图片",".doc":"文档",".docx":"文档",".pdf":"文档",".txt":"文档",".xls":"表格",".xlsx":"表格",".zip":"压缩包",".rar":"压缩包",".7z":"压缩包",".mp4":"视频",".avi":"视频",".mp3":"音乐",".wav":"音乐",".py":"代码",".java":"代码",".js":"代码",".html":"代码",}defauto_sort(directory):"""按文件类型自动归档"""forfinos.listdir(directory):fp=os.path.join(directory,f)ifnotos.path.isfile(fp):continue_,ext=os.path.splitext(f)folder=EXTENSION_MAP.get(ext.lower(),"其他")target=os.path.join(directory,folder)os.makedirs(target,exist_ok=True)shutil.move(fp,os.path.join(target,f))💡 觉得有用的话，点赞 + 关注【张老师技术栈】吧！
